Body Mass Index

The Body Mass Index - BMI

A body mass index is also known as"the Quetelet index. It is a statistical measurement that compares an individual's both height and weight. It is a handy tool for estimating the healthy body mass based on the height of an individual. It is. It's reliable, and is the most popular tool to identify the weight problem.

Criteria For Underweight And Obesity By BMI

Utilizing the World Health Organisation (WHO) guidelines for obesity and underweight by BMI It is possible to find out if this person is under the category of overweight, underweight overweight or falls in the category of obesity.

Calculation Of BMI

BMI of any person is calculated by using the following formula: Body Mass Index (BMI) = Body weight (weight x height) (height in relation to height)
The weight of an person is calculated in kilograms, and the height is taken in metres.
Example:
If the body mass of an individual is 70kg, and his height is 1.60 m. Now calculate these numbers.
BMI = 70 / (1.60 x 1.60) = 70 / 2.56 = 27.34 kg/m2
Now with the help of an assessment of the World Health Organisation (WHO) standards for obesity and underweight
by BMI by BMI to know whether this individual falls into the category of overweight, normal
Weight, excess or falls within the category of obesity.

Precautions During Measurements

These precautions should be taken while taking the measurements to determine BMI.

  1. The body's weight should be taken on an accurate and reliable weight machine.
  2. The student who's body weight is to be taken, must wear the minimum amount of clothes required, without shoes.
  3. During the measurement of height the student must be standing barefooted and the body of the student must be straight.

Physical Fitness Test (AAPHERD Test Score)

AAPHERD i.e. American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance is a test that is used to judge and evaluate the level of fitness of the youth. The first version of this test was released in 1958, and was revised in 1966 and later in 1976. A variety of modifications to the test's testing battery were made in the year 1976 for the AAPHER youth fitness test. This test is meant to test the fitness levels of youth. The tests measure body composition in terms of flexibility, agility coordination and upper body strength and endurance for aerobics. These tests are designed so that they could be administered by experts working in the field.

These are the components in The AAPHERD Physical fitness tests:

  1. Pull ups (boys)
  2. Flexed-arm hang (girls)
  3. Flexed leg sit ups
  4. Shuttle run
  5. Standing broad jump
  6. 50-yard sprint 9 minutes of run for children aged 10-12 years, and 1.5 mile , or 12 minute run for kids 13 and above.

In the year 1980, AAPHERD introduced the test 'Physical Best' which contained the following items:
1. 1 1/2 mile walk or 12-minute run
2. Body fat measurement by folds of skin
3. Sit ups
4. Pull ups
5. Sit and test your reach

The test for physical fitness recognizes students for their physical fitness in the above actions.

Shuttle Run

The test measures speed the speed, quickness, and agility of the participants. Create two parallel lines that are 30 feet apart, and then place two wood blocks behind one of the lines. Students start on the parallel line. The signal "Go" the student runs through the blocks, picks one of them, runs back to the starting line, then places the block behind the line, comes back and grabs the second block , and then runs back across the line. Blocks should be placed inside the lines.

Pull-Ups Testing

A student hangs from a horizontal bar that the student can stand from, with arms fully extended and feet away from floors using either an grip or a grip under the hand. Students who are short in height can be lifted into starting position. Then, they raise their body until the chin clears the bar and then lower
body until it is fully in the hang body to full hang starting. Student does as many proper pull-ups as he is able to.

Flexed- Arm Hang Testing

With an overhand grasp or underhand grip, student will be in a flexed hang position , with the chin cleaving the bar. Students may be lifted into this position. Student holds this position until he is able to.

Flexed Arm Hang Scoring

The chest of the student should be kept close to the bar, with the legs hanging straight. The measurement of time stops when the student's chin is in contact with or falls beneath the bar.

Standing Long Jump

The standing long jump is a regular and straightforward test to administer test of the power of your legs. The test participant is placed behind an outline of a line on the ground. The feet are placed slightly apart. A two-foot jump and landing is performed using swinging of arms and bending the knees in order to provide forward motion. The student will attempt to jump to the maximum height possible landing on both feet while not falling backwards. Three attempts are allowed. The measurement is calculated from the start line to nearest point of contact at landing the longest distance jumped in the best three attempts. recorded.

50-Yard Dash

It is a test to test the speed of a student. The participant stands in front of the starting line , and begins moving on the signal "Go'. As soon as the distance is reached, the time spent to complete the 50-yard distance is noted.

The new test by AAPHERD seeks to determine fitness and health

1. 1 1/2 Mile Walk/Run Or 12-Minute Run

Students are expected to run 1.5 miles. The timings are recorded by a stop watch. If this method isn't sufficient, the students are told to run for 12 minutes. This method is where their distance is noted down. This is the first method that is considered to be the most efficient method to determine the fitness of the heart.

2. Skin Fold Measurement:

The test uses calipers' skin is used to gauge how thick fat is on various parts of the body After measuring the thickness of different parts of the body, these measurements are put in one equation (different equation for males and females) so that you can calculate the body's density. After calculating body density, the data is placed in an equation to calculate the body fat percentage. All measurements should be taken by examining the back of the body.
The following three parts are weighed:
(a) The skin fold around the abdominal region
(b) Chest skinfold
(c) Arm skinfold

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